Drug Use, Dosing, Monitoring

Compounding & IV Ad

HSC Recipes for Manufacturing Common Oral Formulations
Compounding service
http://www.sickkids.ca/pharmacy/compounding-service/index.html

Aseptic Techniques
Aseptic technique: key points
http://www.globalrph.com/aseptic.htm

Compounding (Alligation) Calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/alligation.htm

Compounding Exercise – The Pharmaceutics and Compounding Laboratory
http://pharmlabs.unc.edu/

Compounding Formula
Search thousands of compounding formulas by component, dosage form, functional use, or generic name.
http://compoundingtoday.com/Formulation/

Compounding formulations from CHEO Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario
http://www.cheo.on.ca/en/healthcareprofessionalsforpharmacists

Listing of Formulation Records
http://pharmlabs.unc.edu/listing_of_records.htm

Osmolarity Compounding Calculator
Solution Osmolarity Compounding Calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/osmocalc_valid.htm

PCCA – Professional Compounding Centers of America
http://www.pccarx.com/

Sterile Compounding
http://pharmlabs.unc.edu/labs/parenterals/routes.htm

The Practice of Pharmacy Compounding
http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/PharmacyCompounding/default.htm

What Does a Compounding Pharmacist Do?

Drug Use, Dosing, Monitoring

Compounding & IV Ad

HSC Recipes for Manufacturing Common Oral Formulations
Compounding service
http://www.sickkids.ca/pharmacy/compounding-service/index.html

Aseptic Techniques
Aseptic technique: key points
http://www.globalrph.com/aseptic.htm

Compounding (Alligation) Calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/alligation.htm

Compounding Exercise – The Pharmaceutics and Compounding Laboratory
http://pharmlabs.unc.edu/

Compounding Formula
Search thousands of compounding formulas by component, dosage form, functional use, or generic name.
http://compoundingtoday.com/Formulation/

Compounding formulations from CHEO Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario
http://www.cheo.on.ca/en/healthcareprofessionalsforpharmacists

Listing of Formulation Records
http://pharmlabs.unc.edu/listing_of_records.htm

Osmolarity Compounding Calculator
Solution Osmolarity Compounding Calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/osmocalc_valid.htm

PCCA – Professional Compounding Centers of America
http://www.pccarx.com/

Sterile Compounding
http://pharmlabs.unc.edu/labs/parenterals/routes.htm

The Practice of Pharmacy Compounding
http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/PharmacyCompounding/default.htm

What Does a Compounding Pharmacist Do?

Drug Use, Dosing, Monitoring

Compounding & IV Ad

HSC Recipes for Manufacturing Common Oral Formulations
Compounding service
http://www.sickkids.ca/pharmacy/compounding-service/index.html

Aseptic Techniques
Aseptic technique: key points
http://www.globalrph.com/aseptic.htm

Compounding (Alligation) Calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/alligation.htm

Compounding Exercise – The Pharmaceutics and Compounding Laboratory
http://pharmlabs.unc.edu/

Compounding Formula
Search thousands of compounding formulas by component, dosage form, functional use, or generic name.
http://compoundingtoday.com/Formulation/

Compounding formulations from CHEO Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario
http://www.cheo.on.ca/en/healthcareprofessionalsforpharmacists

Listing of Formulation Records
http://pharmlabs.unc.edu/listing_of_records.htm

Osmolarity Compounding Calculator
Solution Osmolarity Compounding Calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/osmocalc_valid.htm

PCCA – Professional Compounding Centers of America
http://www.pccarx.com/

Sterile Compounding
http://pharmlabs.unc.edu/labs/parenterals/routes.htm

The Practice of Pharmacy Compounding
http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/PharmacyCompounding/default.htm

What Does a Compounding Pharmacist Do?
https://pharmacistschools.org/what-is-compounding-pharmacy/

Drug Use in Geriatric Patients

Geriatric Pharmacotherapy Considerations
Clinical concerns in the geriatric patient. Age related changes in absorption, distribution, metabolism and renal function.
http://www.globalrph.com/geriatric.htm

Improving Pharmaceutical Care of the Elderly Patient with GERD
http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/issue/2007/2007-08/2007-08-6744

Medicines and older people: An Accident Waiting to Happen?
http://www.nps.org.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/15822/news34.pdf

OTC Medication Use in Seniors
To successfully help seniors make appropriate nonprescription drug choices, it is essential for pharmacists to correctly assess their symptoms.

http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/d/featured%20articles/c/13814/

Potentially Inappropriate Medications for the Elderly According to the Revised Beers Criteria
https://www.dcri.org/trial-participation/the-beers-list/

Guidance for Prescribing and Withdrawal of Benzodiazapines & Hypnotics in General Practice
http://www.benzo.org.uk/amisc/bzgrampian.pdf

Prescribing for Older Patients
http://patient.info/doctor/prescribing-for-the-older-patient

Strategies for benzodiazepine withdrawal in seniors
http://www.ccsa.ca/Resource%20Library/CCSA-Benzodiazepine-Withdrawal-Seniors-Rapid-Review-2014-en.pdf

Top 10 Particularly Dangerous Drug Interactions in Long Term Care
http://www.amda.com/tools/clinical/m3/topten.cfm

Drug Use in the Elderly
Information on the principles of good prescribing in the elderly, including advice on managing sleep or behavioural disturbances using both non-drug and drug therapy interventions.
http://www.nps.org.au/publications/health-professional/medicinewise-news/2006/prescribing-practice-review-26

Drug Use in Hepatic Insufficiency

Diseases of the liver: Acute liver disease
http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/learning/learning-article/diseases-of-the-liver-acute-liver-disease/10975474.article

Diseases of the liver: Chronic liver disease
The commonest causes of chronic or end-stage liver disease are alcohol and chronic viral hepatitis. In addition, there are a number of pathways to chronic liver disease, including auto-immune conditions (eg, auto-immune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis) and metabolic conditions (eg, genetic haemochromatosis and Wilson’s disease).
http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/learning/learning-article/diseases-of-the-liver-chronic-liver-disease/10975479.article

Drug Use in Liver Impairment
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/Bulletins/DrugsLiverDisease.pdf

Drugs requiring hepatic monitoring
APEA is committed to helping nurse
practitioners and students advance professionally through courses,
programs, books, and other offerings.
http://www.apea.com/ce-center/drugs-that-need-hepatic-monitoring

Hepatic Dysfunction & Drug Dosing: The ABCs of the Child-Pugh Score
http://professionals.ufhealth.org/files/2011/11/0605-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Drug Use in Pediatrics & Neonates

Pediatric Dosing Calculator
http://www.emiphysicians.com/calculator1.html

Analgesics and Sedatives Use in Pediatrics Drug Chart
Analgesics and Sedatives Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234394

Antiarrhythmic Drugs Comparison Chart
http://www.pharmacologyweekly.com/documents/AntiarrhythmicMedicationChart2012.pdf

Anticonvulsant Therapy in Pediatrics
http://web.archive.org/web/20040625204734/www.vh.org/pediatric/patient/neurology/anticonvulsantdrugtherapy/index.html

Anticonvulsants Dosage Recommendations in Neonatates
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD and Sarah B. Tierney, PharmD
http://www.uichildrens.org/iowa-neonatology-handbook/anticonvulsant-dosage-recommendation/

ANTIMICROBIAL DOSING RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PEDIATRIC
http://mercypharmacy.wikispaces.com/file/view/pediatric_dosing%20MICHIGAN%202.pdf/442896374/pediatric_dosing%20MICHIGAN%202.pdf

Antimicrobial Pocket Reference 2006
http://www.dobugsneeddrugs.org/health-care-professionals/bugs-drugs-antimicrobial-reference/

Antimicrobial Recommended Dosage Schedules for Neonates
https://www.uichildrens.org/uploadedFiles/UIChildrens/Health_Professionals/Iowa_Neonatology_Handbook/Pharmacology/Antimicrobial.pdf

Apnea in Newborns Drug Chart
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234402

Australian Immunization Handbook
http://www.health.gov.au/internet/immunise/publishing.nsf/Content/Handbook10-home

Breastfeeding Issues – Neonatal Handbook
The Neonatal ehandbook provides a structured approach to the clinical management of conditions regularly encountered by health professionals working in newborn special care nurseries. It details over 90 newborn conditions that may present during the early newborn period.
http://www.health.vic.gov.au/neonatalhandbook/

Bronchodilators for Reactive Airway Disease in Pediatrics
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234404

Digoxin Doses in Premature and Full-term Neonates and Infants
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234406

Diuretic Agents Recommended Doses and Toxicity in Neonates
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234407

Dosing Common Cold Products in Children: New Guidelines
Labeling for OTC cough and cold medications now states: Do not use in children under 4 years of age.
http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/t/pediatrics/c/27100/

Fluoroquinolone use in children: Resistance and safety implications
http://contemporarypediatrics.modernmedicine.com/contpeds/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=111803

Gentamicin Therapy Monitoring in Pediatrics by Single Serum Sample Determination
Edward F. Bell, MD and Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234420

Infants of Drug-Abusing Mothers
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234413

Infants of Drug-Abusing Mothers
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234413

Neonatal Handbook – NETS
The Neonatal ehandbook provides a structured approach to the clinical management of conditions regularly encountered by health professionals working in newborn special care nurseries. It details over 90 newborn conditions that may present during the early newborn period.
http://www.health.vic.gov.au/neonatalhandbook/

Neonatal Systemic Hypertension Pharmacologic Therapy
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234425

Neonatal Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
http://www.slhd.nsw.gov.au/rpa/neonatal/html/newprot/tpn.html

Neuromuscular Blockers in Neonates
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234421

Palivizumab Therapeutic Use Criteria
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/Palivizumab.htm

Prescribing for Children
Site Name provided by NICE
http://www.evidence.nhs.uk/formulary/bnf/current/guidance-on-prescribing/prescribing-for-children

Protocol for Use of Prostaglandin E
Protocol for Use of Prostaglandin E1 Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234424

Drug Use in Pregnancy & Lactation

Antimicrobial use in pregancy & lactation
http://www.dobugsneeddrugs.org/

Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
Toxicology, environmental health, and chemical databases and other information resources from the Toxicology and Environmental Health Information Program, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/lactmed.htm

Drugs in breast milk – Quick reference guide
UK Medicines Information for NHS professionals
http://www.ukmi.nhs.uk/activities/specialistServices/default.asp?pageRef=2

Medications Considered Safe for Use During Pregnancy
http://www.obfocus.com/high-risk/meds1.htm

Biochemical tests during pregnancy
http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/28/4/98/101/

Breast Feeding – WHO Model Formulary
http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/list/WMF2008.pdf

Breastfeeding and Medications
Breastfeeding and Medications, resources for info about medications while breastfeeding.
http://www.breastfeedingonline.com/meds.shtml

Breastfeeding Issues – Neonatal Handbook
The Neonatal ehandbook provides a structured approach to the clinical management of conditions regularly encountered by health professionals working in newborn special care nurseries. It details over 90 newborn conditions that may present during the early newborn period.
http://www.health.vic.gov.au/neonatalhandbook/

Cough and Cold Medications in Pregnancy and Lactation
http://medsask.usask.ca/documents/newsletters/32.3%20Cough%20and%20Cold%20Medications%20in%20Pregnancy%20and%20Lactation.pdf

Drug distribution in human milk
http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/20/2/35/40/

Drug Safety In Breastfeeding
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/InfoResources/lactation.htm

Drug Safety in Lactation
http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/Profs/PUarticles/lactation.htm

Drug Safety In Pregnancy
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/InfoResources/pregnancy.htm

Drug Therapy During Pregnancy: An Update on FDA Labeling for Antipsychotics
The labeling for all antipsychotics will be updated to include an enhanced pregnancy section. 
http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/d/feature/c/31079/

Drugs in Pregnancy from Motherisk
http://www.motherisk.org/women/drugs.jsp

HON Pregnancy and Drug Use
HON Mother & Child Glossary, Pregnancy and Drugs. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organisation have estimated that more than 90% of pregnant women take prescription or nonprescription drugs, social drugs such as tobacco and alcohol, or illegal drugs such as marijuana and cocaine. Drugs, and any other agents that cause a birth defect are termed teratogens. Drugs are estimated to cause 2-3% of all birth defects.
https://www.hon.ch/Dossier/MotherChild/preg_drugs/

Nicotine Replacement Therapy During Pregnancy and Lactation
http://medsask.usask.ca/documents/newsletters/archive/23.4.NRTPregLact-newletter.pdf

Perinatology
http://www.perinatology.com/exposures/druglist.htm

Pregnancy – WHO Model Formulary
http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/list/WMF2008.pdf

Prescribing Medicines in Pregnancy – Database
http://www.tga.gov.au/prescribing-medicines-pregnancy-database

UK Drugs in Lactation Advisory Service Guidance
UK Medicines Information for NHS professionals
http://www.ukmi.nhs.uk/activities/specialistServices/default.asp?pageRef=2

IV Manual and IV Compatibility

** Compatibility of Commonly Used Intravenous Drugs – CHART
http://www.pharmacypracticenews.com/download/IV_drugs_ppn0911_WM.pdf

IV Drug Compatibility Chart of selected meds
http://forum.tomhsiung.com/attachments/pharmacy-practice/pharmacy-errors/56d1374152975-iv-compatibility-common-selected-meds-iv-drug-compatibility-chart-selected-meds-pdf

BCCA Cancer Drug Manual
http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/health-professionals/professional-resources/cancer-drug-manual/drug-index

Critical Care Drug Monographs
http://www.lhsc.on.ca/Health_Professionals/CCTC/monograph/

Dose guideline for iv titrable medications
https://web.archive.org/web/20130502221539/http://nursing.uchc.edu/Pharmacy/docs/Titration%20Chart%20Update.pdf

Dose Guidelines for IV Titratable Medications
https://web.archive.org/web/20120514110312/http://nursing.uchc.edu/Pharmacy/docs/Titration%20Chart%20Update-3-7-12.pdf

Drug data sheets for professional
http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/Profs/Datasheet/datasheet.htm

Filtration Guidelines for the Administration of Intravenous Medications
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/IVfiltration.pdf

ICU Meds Intravenous Drip Rate Calculator
ICU Dosing Calc – lepirudin, LMWH’s, enoxaparin, lovenox, fragmin, dalteparin
http://www.globalrph.com/icudrip.htm

Intravenous Drip Rate Calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/drip.htm

IV Dilution Standards – GlobalRPh
Providing IV dilution guidelines that are in effect in a large Medical center located in Southeastern Michigan.
http://www.globalrph.com/dilutionlist.htm

Neonatal Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/pdf/manuals/47_TPN.pdf

NICU IV Drug Compatibility Chart
http://www.uichildrens.org/uploadedFiles/UIChildrens/Health_Professionals/Iowa_Neonatology_Handbook/Pharmacology/NICU%20Intravenous%20Drug%20Compatibility%20Chart.pdf

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Summary Calculator
Calculator to analyze a patient’s enteral and parenteral nutrition intake, including calories, dextrose, protein, and lipids.
http://clincalc.com/Nutrition/Analysis.aspx

Sdrivers – Drug Compatibility Database
Resource for health care professionals in palliative care: bulletin board, events listing, recent journals, Palliative Medicine Handbook, jobs, book catalogue, downloads…
http://www.pallcare.info/mod.php?mod=sdrivers&menu=14

To mix or not to mix — compatibilities of parenteral drug solutions
http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/31/4/98/101/

Total Parenteral Nutrition Calculator from GlobalRPh
Provides an online assessment of intravenous total parenteral nutrition.
http://www.globalrph.com/tpn.htm

Over The Counter Drugs

Aromatherapy: Art or Science? Highlights of Aromatherapy in Medicine Today
http://inetce.com/articles/pdf/221-999-04-095-H01.pdf

Over-the-Counter (OTC) Interaction Cabinet
https://crediblemeds.org/

Overcoming Challenges in Outpatient Drug Therapy
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/Presentations/2010/Overcoming%20Challenges%20-%20CBMTG%20-%20K%20Lacaria%20(April%2010%202010).pdf

Treatment of common cold
The common cold is a viral illness that affects persons of all ages, prompting frequent use of over-the-counter and prescription medications and alternative remedies. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms (e.g., cough, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea).
http://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0215/p515.html

Route / Formulation Conversion

Intravenous to Oral Therapy Conversion
http://www.ashp.org/DocLibrary/MemberCenter/ClinicalSpecialistsandScientists/IVtoPO.pdf

INTRAVENOUS TO ORAL/ENTERAL (IV TO PO) MEDICATION SWITCH PROGRAM
https://web.archive.org/web/20100625230012/http://www.ashp.org/s_ashp/docs/files/R-IVtoPOConvPol-4.pdf

An Information System to Promote Intravenous-to-Oral Medication Conversion
Proc AMIA Symp. 1999:415-9.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10566392

Antimicrobial IV to PO Conversion Program
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/IV-PO%20Antibiot%20Conv.pdf

AUTOMATIC INTRAVENOUS TO ORAL CONVERSION
https://web.archive.org/web/20100625225911/http://www.ashp.org/s_ashp/docs/files/R-IVtoPOConvPol-3.pdf

Converting from IV to Oral Medications
http://professionals.ufhealth.org/files/2011/11/0302-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Criteria for conversion of intravenous to oral/enteral (IV to PO) anti-infectives
http://www.cumc.columbia.edu/dept/id/documents/Clinical%20References/IVtoPOConversionPilotProjectinMilsteinHospital.pdf

H2 Blocker/Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapeutic Interchange and IV to PO Conversion (Adults)
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/H2-PPI_IVtoPO.htm

Intravenous-to-Oral Switch Therapy
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/237521-overview

IV to PO conversion policy from Bayshore Community Hospital
https://web.archive.org/web/20100625225836/http://www.ashp.org/s_ashp/docs/files/R-IVtoPOConvPol-2.pdf

Pharmacist-Managed IV-PO Conversion Program
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/vhformulary/Policies/4.6%20IV-PO%20STEPDOWN%20PROGRAM.pdf

Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery: What a Pharmacist Needs to Know
http://inetce.com/articles/pdf/221-146-04-054-H01.pdf

Renal Insufficiency & Dialysis

Drug Dosing Adjustments in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
http://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0515/p1487.pdf

Renal Impairment – WHO Model Formulary
http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/list/WMF2008.pdf

“Cockcroft-Gault for drug dosing… not MDRD”
http://cdn.webservices.ufhealth.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/358/files/2011/11/0609-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Antibiotic Dosing in Renal Impairment
http://www.antibioticprescribing.ie/useful-info/renal-impairment-summary

DRUG USE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/renal.htm

Drug-Induced Acute Renal Dysfunction
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/Presentations/2010/Drug-Induced%20Acute%20Renal%20Dysfunction-K%20Shalansky%20(Mar10).pdf

EdRen HANDBOOK
https://edren.org/ren/handbook/unithdbk/

Initial Dosing Recommendations for Anti-Infective Agents during Continuous venovenous hemofiltration
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/Antimicrobial_Dosing_in_CRRT.pdf

Kidney Function Assessment by Creatinine-Based Estimation Equations
Kidney Function Assessment by Creatinine-Based Estimation Equations Online Medical Reference – from definition and diagnosis through risk factors and treatments. Co-authored by Martin E. Lascano and Emilio D. Poggio of the Cleveland Clinic. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is considered the best indicator of overall kidney function – Estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to assess kidney function facilitates the detection, evaluation, and management of kidney disease.
http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/nephrology/kidney-function/

The Drug Monitor – Renal Pharmacology
Diverse topics in Clinical Pharmacy / Pharmacology aimed at the clinical professional. The topics include aminoglycosides and vancomycin monitoring, diuretics, magnesium, troglitazone, metformin, immunosuppressants, sequential antibiotic therapy, pharmacokinetics tutorial, clinical tools, etc
http://www.thedrugmonitor.com/renalpharmacology.html

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring & Dosing

Pharmacokinetic Overview
Pharmacokinetics overview of the aminoglycosides and vancomycin for pharmacists, physicians, and students.
http://www.globalrph.com/kinetics.htm

A First Course in Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics
http://www.boomer.org/c/p1/

On-Line Pharmacokinetic Simulations
Pharmacokinetics Simulation Courtesy of Thomas H. Maren Foundation
http://vam.anest.ufl.edu/maren/index.html

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Resources
http://www.pharmpk.com/

Aminoglycoside and Vancomycin Serum Monitoring
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Aminoglycoside-Vanco-Level-Monitoring.htm

Digoxin Pharmacokinetic Monitoring
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Digoxin-Pharmacokinetic-Monitoring.htm

Phenytoin Pharmacokinetic Monitoring
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Phenytoin-Kinetic-Monitoring.htm

Therapeutic Drug Concentration Range
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Therapeutic-Ranges.htm

Clinical Lab Reference
Medical Laboratory Observer’s Clinical Laboratory Reference
http://www.clr-online.com/

Common Drug levels
Therapeutic drug levels – Serum level monitoring
http://www.globalrph.com/levels.htm

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Overview of therapeutic drug monitoring, measurement of specific drugs at timed intervals in order to maintain a relatively constant concentration of the medication in the bloodstream and avoid toxicity
https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/therapeutic-drug/tab/glance

Monitoring of Antiepileptic Medications Using Saliva
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/SalivaMonit.pdf

Ordering and Interpreting Drug Levels–What You Can Do to Improve
http://cdn.webservices.ufhealth.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/358/files/2011/11/0402-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Aminoglycoside Dosing
Aminoglycoside dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/amino.html

Aminoglycoside/Vancomycin Adjustment Dosing
Aminoglycoside Dosing by levels calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/long.htm

Aminoglycoside/Vancomycin Initial Dosing
Pharmacokinetic dosing – Aminoglycoside Dosing calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/aminoglycosides.htm

Aminoglycosides Empyric Dosing
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/GentTobra-Empiric-Dosing.htm

Clinical Pharmacokinetics Manual
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/Pharmacy/CPS/PKmanual.html

Digoxin Dosing
Digoxin dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/dig.html

Digoxin Initial Dosing
Digoxin Dosing Calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/digoxinsub.htm

Digoxin Pharmacokinetic Monitoring
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/vhformulary/Tools/Digoxin-Pharmacokinetic-Monitoring.htm

Digoxin Steady State Adjustment Dosing
Free online digoxin kinetics calculator based on two different dosing protocols.
http://www.globalrph.com/digoxinss.htm

Gentamicin Therapy Monitoring in Pediatrics by Single Serum Sample Determination
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234420

Heparin Dosing
Heparin dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/heparin.html

Iron Dextran Dosing
Iron dextran dosing calculator. Total dose infusion. Iron deficiency anemia
http://www.globalrph.com/irondextran.htm

Magnesium Dosing
Magnesium Dosing calculator for hospitalized patients.
http://www.globalrph.com/magnesium.htm

Monitoring Medications with a Narrow Therapeutic Index
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/Clinical_PKS_Manual-July_2009.pdf

Monitoring Phenytoin Serum Concentrations
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/Bulletins/MonitoringPhenytoinConcsBulletin.pdf

Phenytoin Dosing
phenytoin dosing, phenytoin – dilantin calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/phenytoin.htm

Phospate Dosing
Phosphate Dosing calculator for hospitalized patients. Written by D.McAuley
http://www.globalrph.com/phosphate.htm

Phosphate Dosing
Phosphate Dosing calculator for hospitalized patients. Written by D.McAuley
http://globalrph.com/phosphate.htm

Renally Excreted Drug Dosing
Renal drug dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/renal.html

Theophyline Dosing
Aminoglycoside dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/theo.html

Therapeutic drug monitoring
http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/20/1/9/11/

Triazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: To Measure or Not to Measure
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/Presentations/2010/Triazole%20TDM%20-%20T%20Hussaini.pdf

Vancomycin Dosing
Vancomycin dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/vanco.html

Vancomycin Dosing and Monitoring in Adults
http://cdn.webservices.ufhealth.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/358/files/2011/11/0802-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Vancomycin Dosing and Pharmacokinetics
http://www.medcalc.com/pk.html

Vancomycin Empyric Dosing Guideline
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/Resources/Pocket/Vancomycin%20Dosing%20Card%20VCH-PHC%2016JUL15%20_FINAL_.pdf

Warfarin Dosing
Warfarin dosing and therapy. Coumadin. INR Targets. Vitamin K (Phytonadione) guidelines.
http://www.globalrph.com/warfarin.htm

Therapeutic Interchange & Potency Conversion

ACEI and ARB Conversion and Therapeutic Equivalency
http://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/569559_2

Augmentin Therapeutic Interchange
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/AugmentinIC.htm

Automatic Substitutions from John Dempsey Hospital
http://pharmacy.uchc.edu/references/docs/form_c_028_therapeutic_interchange.pdf

Benzodiazepines Potency
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Benzodiazepines-comparison.htm

Cardiac drugs non-formulary conversion
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/Pharmacy/formulary/formtools/Conversions_Cardiac.pdf

Corticosteroid (Topical) Potency
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/vhformulary/Tools/Topical%20Corticosteroid%20Potency.pdf

Corticosteroid Conversion Calculator
Corticosteroids conversion calculator (hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, prednisone, methylprednisolone, betamethasone
http://www.globalrph.com/corticocalc.htm

Corticosteroid Dose Converter
http://www.medcalc.com/steroid.html

Corticosteroids (Systemic) Potency
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Systemic-corticosteroid-comparison.htm

Glucocorticoid Systemic Equivalencies
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/formtools/Glucocorticoid.htm

H-2 Blocker/Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapeutic Interchange
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/Pharmacy/formulary/interchange/H2-PPI_IVtoPO.htm

Hemorrhoidal Preparations – Therapeutic Interchange
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/anusolIC.htm

Narcotic Equivalence Converter
http://www.medcalc.com/narcotics.html

Opioid Anagesic (Fentanyl Patch) Dosing Determination
Fentanyl patch dosing determination based on current narcotic analgesic therapy. Developed by D.McAuley
http://www.globalrph.com/fentconv.htm

Opioid Anagesic Dosage Converter
http://www.globalrph.com/narcoticonv.htm

Opioid Analgesic Dosage Conversion Chart
Health care providers online conversion chart for narcotics/opiates. Equianalgesic conversion chart.
http://www.globalrph.com/narcotic.htm

Chemical Classification Opioid Analgesics
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Chemical%20Classification%20of%20Opioids.pdf

Second Generation Antihistamine Therapeutic Interchange
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/AntihistamineTI8-04.pdf

Sulfonylurea Dosage Conversion Table
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/formtools/sulfonylurea.htm

Drug Use in Geriatric Patients

Geriatric Pharmacotherapy Considerations
Clinical concerns in the geriatric patient. Age related changes in absorption, distribution, metabolism and renal function.
http://www.globalrph.com/geriatric.htm

Improving Pharmaceutical Care of the Elderly Patient with GERD
http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/issue/2007/2007-08/2007-08-6744

Medicines and older people: An Accident Waiting to Happen?
http://www.nps.org.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/15822/news34.pdf

OTC Medication Use in Seniors
To successfully help seniors make appropriate nonprescription drug choices, it is essential for pharmacists to correctly assess their symptoms.

http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/d/featured%20articles/c/13814/

Potentially Inappropriate Medications for the Elderly According to the Revised Beers Criteria
https://www.dcri.org/trial-participation/the-beers-list/

Guidance for Prescribing and Withdrawal of Benzodiazapines & Hypnotics in General Practice
http://www.benzo.org.uk/amisc/bzgrampian.pdf

Prescribing for Older Patients
http://patient.info/doctor/prescribing-for-the-older-patient

Strategies for benzodiazepine withdrawal in seniors
http://www.ccsa.ca/Resource%20Library/CCSA-Benzodiazepine-Withdrawal-Seniors-Rapid-Review-2014-en.pdf

Top 10 Particularly Dangerous Drug Interactions in Long Term Care
http://www.amda.com/tools/clinical/m3/topten.cfm

Drug Use in the Elderly
Information on the principles of good prescribing in the elderly, including advice on managing sleep or behavioural disturbances using both non-drug and drug therapy interventions.
http://www.nps.org.au/publications/health-professional/medicinewise-news/2006/prescribing-practice-review-26

Drug Use in Hepatic Insufficiency

Diseases of the liver: Acute liver disease
http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/learning/learning-article/diseases-of-the-liver-acute-liver-disease/10975474.article

Diseases of the liver: Chronic liver disease
The commonest causes of chronic or end-stage liver disease are alcohol and chronic viral hepatitis. In addition, there are a number of pathways to chronic liver disease, including auto-immune conditions (eg, auto-immune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis) and metabolic conditions (eg, genetic haemochromatosis and Wilson’s disease).
http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/learning/learning-article/diseases-of-the-liver-chronic-liver-disease/10975479.article

Drug Use in Liver Impairment
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/Bulletins/DrugsLiverDisease.pdf

Drugs requiring hepatic monitoring
APEA is committed to helping nurse
practitioners and students advance professionally through courses,
programs, books, and other offerings.
http://www.apea.com/ce-center/drugs-that-need-hepatic-monitoring

Hepatic Dysfunction & Drug Dosing: The ABCs of the Child-Pugh Score
http://professionals.ufhealth.org/files/2011/11/0605-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Drug Use in Pediatrics & Neonates

Pediatric Dosing Calculator
http://www.emiphysicians.com/calculator1.html

Analgesics and Sedatives Use in Pediatrics Drug Chart
Analgesics and Sedatives Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234394

Antiarrhythmic Drugs Comparison Chart
http://www.pharmacologyweekly.com/documents/AntiarrhythmicMedicationChart2012.pdf

Anticonvulsant Therapy in Pediatrics
http://web.archive.org/web/20040625204734/www.vh.org/pediatric/patient/neurology/anticonvulsantdrugtherapy/index.html

Anticonvulsants Dosage Recommendations in Neonatates
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD and Sarah B. Tierney, PharmD
http://www.uichildrens.org/iowa-neonatology-handbook/anticonvulsant-dosage-recommendation/

ANTIMICROBIAL DOSING RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PEDIATRIC
http://mercypharmacy.wikispaces.com/file/view/pediatric_dosing%20MICHIGAN%202.pdf/442896374/pediatric_dosing%20MICHIGAN%202.pdf

Antimicrobial Pocket Reference 2006
http://www.dobugsneeddrugs.org/health-care-professionals/bugs-drugs-antimicrobial-reference/

Antimicrobial Recommended Dosage Schedules for Neonates
https://www.uichildrens.org/uploadedFiles/UIChildrens/Health_Professionals/Iowa_Neonatology_Handbook/Pharmacology/Antimicrobial.pdf

Apnea in Newborns Drug Chart
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234402

Australian Immunization Handbook
http://www.health.gov.au/internet/immunise/publishing.nsf/Content/Handbook10-home

Breastfeeding Issues – Neonatal Handbook
The Neonatal ehandbook provides a structured approach to the clinical management of conditions regularly encountered by health professionals working in newborn special care nurseries. It details over 90 newborn conditions that may present during the early newborn period.
http://www.health.vic.gov.au/neonatalhandbook/

Bronchodilators for Reactive Airway Disease in Pediatrics
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234404

Digoxin Doses in Premature and Full-term Neonates and Infants
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234406

Diuretic Agents Recommended Doses and Toxicity in Neonates
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234407

Dosing Common Cold Products in Children: New Guidelines
Labeling for OTC cough and cold medications now states: Do not use in children under 4 years of age.
http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/t/pediatrics/c/27100/

Fluoroquinolone use in children: Resistance and safety implications
http://contemporarypediatrics.modernmedicine.com/contpeds/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=111803

Gentamicin Therapy Monitoring in Pediatrics by Single Serum Sample Determination
Edward F. Bell, MD and Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234420

Infants of Drug-Abusing Mothers
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234413

Infants of Drug-Abusing Mothers
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234413

Neonatal Handbook – NETS
The Neonatal ehandbook provides a structured approach to the clinical management of conditions regularly encountered by health professionals working in newborn special care nurseries. It details over 90 newborn conditions that may present during the early newborn period.
http://www.health.vic.gov.au/neonatalhandbook/

Neonatal Systemic Hypertension Pharmacologic Therapy
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234425

Neonatal Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
http://www.slhd.nsw.gov.au/rpa/neonatal/html/newprot/tpn.html

Neuromuscular Blockers in Neonates
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234421

Palivizumab Therapeutic Use Criteria
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/Palivizumab.htm

Prescribing for Children
Site Name provided by NICE
http://www.evidence.nhs.uk/formulary/bnf/current/guidance-on-prescribing/prescribing-for-children

Protocol for Use of Prostaglandin E
Protocol for Use of Prostaglandin E1 Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234424

Drug Use in Pregnancy & Lactation

Antimicrobial use in pregancy & lactation
http://www.dobugsneeddrugs.org/

Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
Toxicology, environmental health, and chemical databases and other information resources from the Toxicology and Environmental Health Information Program, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/lactmed.htm

Drugs in breast milk – Quick reference guide
UK Medicines Information for NHS professionals
http://www.ukmi.nhs.uk/activities/specialistServices/default.asp?pageRef=2

Medications Considered Safe for Use During Pregnancy
http://www.obfocus.com/high-risk/meds1.htm

Biochemical tests during pregnancy
http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/28/4/98/101/

Breast Feeding – WHO Model Formulary
http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/list/WMF2008.pdf

Breastfeeding and Medications
Breastfeeding and Medications, resources for info about medications while breastfeeding.
http://www.breastfeedingonline.com/meds.shtml

Breastfeeding Issues – Neonatal Handbook
The Neonatal ehandbook provides a structured approach to the clinical management of conditions regularly encountered by health professionals working in newborn special care nurseries. It details over 90 newborn conditions that may present during the early newborn period.
http://www.health.vic.gov.au/neonatalhandbook/

Cough and Cold Medications in Pregnancy and Lactation
http://medsask.usask.ca/documents/newsletters/32.3%20Cough%20and%20Cold%20Medications%20in%20Pregnancy%20and%20Lactation.pdf

Drug distribution in human milk
http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/20/2/35/40/

Drug Safety In Breastfeeding
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/InfoResources/lactation.htm

Drug Safety in Lactation
http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/Profs/PUarticles/lactation.htm

Drug Safety In Pregnancy
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/InfoResources/pregnancy.htm

Drug Therapy During Pregnancy: An Update on FDA Labeling for Antipsychotics
The labeling for all antipsychotics will be updated to include an enhanced pregnancy section. 
http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/d/feature/c/31079/

Drugs in Pregnancy from Motherisk
http://www.motherisk.org/women/drugs.jsp

HON Pregnancy and Drug Use
HON Mother & Child Glossary, Pregnancy and Drugs. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organisation have estimated that more than 90% of pregnant women take prescription or nonprescription drugs, social drugs such as tobacco and alcohol, or illegal drugs such as marijuana and cocaine. Drugs, and any other agents that cause a birth defect are termed teratogens. Drugs are estimated to cause 2-3% of all birth defects.
https://www.hon.ch/Dossier/MotherChild/preg_drugs/

Nicotine Replacement Therapy During Pregnancy and Lactation
http://medsask.usask.ca/documents/newsletters/archive/23.4.NRTPregLact-newletter.pdf

Perinatology
http://www.perinatology.com/exposures/druglist.htm

Pregnancy – WHO Model Formulary
http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/list/WMF2008.pdf

Prescribing Medicines in Pregnancy – Database
http://www.tga.gov.au/prescribing-medicines-pregnancy-database

UK Drugs in Lactation Advisory Service Guidance
UK Medicines Information for NHS professionals
http://www.ukmi.nhs.uk/activities/specialistServices/default.asp?pageRef=2

IV Manual and IV Compatibility

** Compatibility of Commonly Used Intravenous Drugs – CHART
http://www.pharmacypracticenews.com/download/IV_drugs_ppn0911_WM.pdf

IV Drug Compatibility Chart of selected meds
http://forum.tomhsiung.com/attachments/pharmacy-practice/pharmacy-errors/56d1374152975-iv-compatibility-common-selected-meds-iv-drug-compatibility-chart-selected-meds-pdf

BCCA Cancer Drug Manual
http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/health-professionals/professional-resources/cancer-drug-manual/drug-index

Critical Care Drug Monographs
http://www.lhsc.on.ca/Health_Professionals/CCTC/monograph/

Dose guideline for iv titrable medications
https://web.archive.org/web/20130502221539/http://nursing.uchc.edu/Pharmacy/docs/Titration%20Chart%20Update.pdf

Dose Guidelines for IV Titratable Medications
https://web.archive.org/web/20120514110312/http://nursing.uchc.edu/Pharmacy/docs/Titration%20Chart%20Update-3-7-12.pdf

Drug data sheets for professional
http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/Profs/Datasheet/datasheet.htm

Filtration Guidelines for the Administration of Intravenous Medications
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/IVfiltration.pdf

ICU Meds Intravenous Drip Rate Calculator
ICU Dosing Calc – lepirudin, LMWH’s, enoxaparin, lovenox, fragmin, dalteparin
http://www.globalrph.com/icudrip.htm

Intravenous Drip Rate Calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/drip.htm

IV Dilution Standards – GlobalRPh
Providing IV dilution guidelines that are in effect in a large Medical center located in Southeastern Michigan.
http://www.globalrph.com/dilutionlist.htm

Neonatal Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/pdf/manuals/47_TPN.pdf

NICU IV Drug Compatibility Chart
http://www.uichildrens.org/uploadedFiles/UIChildrens/Health_Professionals/Iowa_Neonatology_Handbook/Pharmacology/NICU%20Intravenous%20Drug%20Compatibility%20Chart.pdf

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Summary Calculator
Calculator to analyze a patient’s enteral and parenteral nutrition intake, including calories, dextrose, protein, and lipids.
http://clincalc.com/Nutrition/Analysis.aspx

Sdrivers – Drug Compatibility Database
Resource for health care professionals in palliative care: bulletin board, events listing, recent journals, Palliative Medicine Handbook, jobs, book catalogue, downloads…
http://www.pallcare.info/mod.php?mod=sdrivers&menu=14

To mix or not to mix — compatibilities of parenteral drug solutions
http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/31/4/98/101/

Total Parenteral Nutrition Calculator from GlobalRPh
Provides an online assessment of intravenous total parenteral nutrition.
http://www.globalrph.com/tpn.htm

Over The Counter Drugs

Aromatherapy: Art or Science? Highlights of Aromatherapy in Medicine Today
http://inetce.com/articles/pdf/221-999-04-095-H01.pdf

Over-the-Counter (OTC) Interaction Cabinet
https://crediblemeds.org/

Overcoming Challenges in Outpatient Drug Therapy
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/Presentations/2010/Overcoming%20Challenges%20-%20CBMTG%20-%20K%20Lacaria%20(April%2010%202010).pdf

Treatment of common cold
The common cold is a viral illness that affects persons of all ages, prompting frequent use of over-the-counter and prescription medications and alternative remedies. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms (e.g., cough, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea).
http://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0215/p515.html

Route / Formulation Conversion

Intravenous to Oral Therapy Conversion
http://www.ashp.org/DocLibrary/MemberCenter/ClinicalSpecialistsandScientists/IVtoPO.pdf

INTRAVENOUS TO ORAL/ENTERAL (IV TO PO) MEDICATION SWITCH PROGRAM
https://web.archive.org/web/20100625230012/http://www.ashp.org/s_ashp/docs/files/R-IVtoPOConvPol-4.pdf

An Information System to Promote Intravenous-to-Oral Medication Conversion
Proc AMIA Symp. 1999:415-9.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10566392

Antimicrobial IV to PO Conversion Program
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/IV-PO%20Antibiot%20Conv.pdf

AUTOMATIC INTRAVENOUS TO ORAL CONVERSION
https://web.archive.org/web/20100625225911/http://www.ashp.org/s_ashp/docs/files/R-IVtoPOConvPol-3.pdf

Converting from IV to Oral Medications
http://professionals.ufhealth.org/files/2011/11/0302-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Criteria for conversion of intravenous to oral/enteral (IV to PO) anti-infectives
http://www.cumc.columbia.edu/dept/id/documents/Clinical%20References/IVtoPOConversionPilotProjectinMilsteinHospital.pdf

H2 Blocker/Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapeutic Interchange and IV to PO Conversion (Adults)
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/H2-PPI_IVtoPO.htm

Intravenous-to-Oral Switch Therapy
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/237521-overview

IV to PO conversion policy from Bayshore Community Hospital
https://web.archive.org/web/20100625225836/http://www.ashp.org/s_ashp/docs/files/R-IVtoPOConvPol-2.pdf

Pharmacist-Managed IV-PO Conversion Program
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/vhformulary/Policies/4.6%20IV-PO%20STEPDOWN%20PROGRAM.pdf

Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery: What a Pharmacist Needs to Know
http://inetce.com/articles/pdf/221-146-04-054-H01.pdf

Renal Insufficiency & Dialysis

Drug Dosing Adjustments in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
http://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0515/p1487.pdf

Renal Impairment – WHO Model Formulary
http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/list/WMF2008.pdf

“Cockcroft-Gault for drug dosing… not MDRD”
http://cdn.webservices.ufhealth.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/358/files/2011/11/0609-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Antibiotic Dosing in Renal Impairment
http://www.antibioticprescribing.ie/useful-info/renal-impairment-summary

DRUG USE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/renal.htm

Drug-Induced Acute Renal Dysfunction
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/Presentations/2010/Drug-Induced%20Acute%20Renal%20Dysfunction-K%20Shalansky%20(Mar10).pdf

EdRen HANDBOOK
https://edren.org/ren/handbook/unithdbk/

Initial Dosing Recommendations for Anti-Infective Agents during Continuous venovenous hemofiltration
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/Antimicrobial_Dosing_in_CRRT.pdf

Kidney Function Assessment by Creatinine-Based Estimation Equations
Kidney Function Assessment by Creatinine-Based Estimation Equations Online Medical Reference – from definition and diagnosis through risk factors and treatments. Co-authored by Martin E. Lascano and Emilio D. Poggio of the Cleveland Clinic. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is considered the best indicator of overall kidney function – Estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to assess kidney function facilitates the detection, evaluation, and management of kidney disease.
http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/nephrology/kidney-function/

The Drug Monitor – Renal Pharmacology
Diverse topics in Clinical Pharmacy / Pharmacology aimed at the clinical professional. The topics include aminoglycosides and vancomycin monitoring, diuretics, magnesium, troglitazone, metformin, immunosuppressants, sequential antibiotic therapy, pharmacokinetics tutorial, clinical tools, etc
http://www.thedrugmonitor.com/renalpharmacology.html

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring & Dosing

Pharmacokinetic Overview
Pharmacokinetics overview of the aminoglycosides and vancomycin for pharmacists, physicians, and students.
http://www.globalrph.com/kinetics.htm

A First Course in Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics
http://www.boomer.org/c/p1/

On-Line Pharmacokinetic Simulations
Pharmacokinetics Simulation Courtesy of Thomas H. Maren Foundation
http://vam.anest.ufl.edu/maren/index.html

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Resources
http://www.pharmpk.com/

Aminoglycoside and Vancomycin Serum Monitoring
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Aminoglycoside-Vanco-Level-Monitoring.htm

Digoxin Pharmacokinetic Monitoring
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Digoxin-Pharmacokinetic-Monitoring.htm

Phenytoin Pharmacokinetic Monitoring
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Phenytoin-Kinetic-Monitoring.htm

Therapeutic Drug Concentration Range
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Therapeutic-Ranges.htm

Clinical Lab Reference
Medical Laboratory Observer’s Clinical Laboratory Reference
http://www.clr-online.com/

Common Drug levels
Therapeutic drug levels – Serum level monitoring
http://www.globalrph.com/levels.htm

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Overview of therapeutic drug monitoring, measurement of specific drugs at timed intervals in order to maintain a relatively constant concentration of the medication in the bloodstream and avoid toxicity
https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/therapeutic-drug/tab/glance

Monitoring of Antiepileptic Medications Using Saliva
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/SalivaMonit.pdf

Ordering and Interpreting Drug Levels–What You Can Do to Improve
http://cdn.webservices.ufhealth.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/358/files/2011/11/0402-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Aminoglycoside Dosing
Aminoglycoside dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/amino.html

Aminoglycoside/Vancomycin Adjustment Dosing
Aminoglycoside Dosing by levels calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/long.htm

Aminoglycoside/Vancomycin Initial Dosing
Pharmacokinetic dosing – Aminoglycoside Dosing calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/aminoglycosides.htm

Aminoglycosides Empyric Dosing
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/GentTobra-Empiric-Dosing.htm

Clinical Pharmacokinetics Manual
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/Pharmacy/CPS/PKmanual.html

Digoxin Dosing
Digoxin dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/dig.html

Digoxin Initial Dosing
Digoxin Dosing Calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/digoxinsub.htm

Digoxin Pharmacokinetic Monitoring
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/vhformulary/Tools/Digoxin-Pharmacokinetic-Monitoring.htm

Digoxin Steady State Adjustment Dosing
Free online digoxin kinetics calculator based on two different dosing protocols.
http://www.globalrph.com/digoxinss.htm

Gentamicin Therapy Monitoring in Pediatrics by Single Serum Sample Determination
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234420

Heparin Dosing
Heparin dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/heparin.html

Iron Dextran Dosing
Iron dextran dosing calculator. Total dose infusion. Iron deficiency anemia
http://www.globalrph.com/irondextran.htm

Magnesium Dosing
Magnesium Dosing calculator for hospitalized patients.
http://www.globalrph.com/magnesium.htm

Monitoring Medications with a Narrow Therapeutic Index
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/Clinical_PKS_Manual-July_2009.pdf

Monitoring Phenytoin Serum Concentrations
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/Bulletins/MonitoringPhenytoinConcsBulletin.pdf

Phenytoin Dosing
phenytoin dosing, phenytoin – dilantin calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/phenytoin.htm

Phospate Dosing
Phosphate Dosing calculator for hospitalized patients. Written by D.McAuley
http://www.globalrph.com/phosphate.htm

Phosphate Dosing
Phosphate Dosing calculator for hospitalized patients. Written by D.McAuley
http://globalrph.com/phosphate.htm

Renally Excreted Drug Dosing
Renal drug dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/renal.html

Theophyline Dosing
Aminoglycoside dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/theo.html

Therapeutic drug monitoring
http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/20/1/9/11/

Triazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: To Measure or Not to Measure
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/Presentations/2010/Triazole%20TDM%20-%20T%20Hussaini.pdf

Vancomycin Dosing
Vancomycin dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/vanco.html

Vancomycin Dosing and Monitoring in Adults
http://cdn.webservices.ufhealth.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/358/files/2011/11/0802-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Vancomycin Dosing and Pharmacokinetics
http://www.medcalc.com/pk.html

Vancomycin Empyric Dosing Guideline
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/Resources/Pocket/Vancomycin%20Dosing%20Card%20VCH-PHC%2016JUL15%20_FINAL_.pdf

Warfarin Dosing
Warfarin dosing and therapy. Coumadin. INR Targets. Vitamin K (Phytonadione) guidelines.
http://www.globalrph.com/warfarin.htm

Therapeutic Interchange & Potency Conversion

ACEI and ARB Conversion and Therapeutic Equivalency
http://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/569559_2

Augmentin Therapeutic Interchange
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/AugmentinIC.htm

Automatic Substitutions from John Dempsey Hospital
http://pharmacy.uchc.edu/references/docs/form_c_028_therapeutic_interchange.pdf

Benzodiazepines Potency
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Benzodiazepines-comparison.htm

Cardiac drugs non-formulary conversion
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/Pharmacy/formulary/formtools/Conversions_Cardiac.pdf

Corticosteroid (Topical) Potency
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/vhformulary/Tools/Topical%20Corticosteroid%20Potency.pdf

Corticosteroid Conversion Calculator
Corticosteroids conversion calculator (hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, prednisone, methylprednisolone, betamethasone
http://www.globalrph.com/corticocalc.htm

Corticosteroid Dose Converter
http://www.medcalc.com/steroid.html

Corticosteroids (Systemic) Potency
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Systemic-corticosteroid-comparison.htm

Glucocorticoid Systemic Equivalencies
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/formtools/Glucocorticoid.htm

H-2 Blocker/Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapeutic Interchange
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/Pharmacy/formulary/interchange/H2-PPI_IVtoPO.htm

Hemorrhoidal Preparations – Therapeutic Interchange
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/anusolIC.htm

Narcotic Equivalence Converter
http://www.medcalc.com/narcotics.html

Opioid Anagesic (Fentanyl Patch) Dosing Determination
Fentanyl patch dosing determination based on current narcotic analgesic therapy. Developed by D.McAuley
http://www.globalrph.com/fentconv.htm

Opioid Anagesic Dosage Converter
http://www.globalrph.com/narcoticonv.htm

Opioid Analgesic Dosage Conversion Chart
Health care providers online conversion chart for narcotics/opiates. Equianalgesic conversion chart.
http://www.globalrph.com/narcotic.htm

Chemical Classification Opioid Analgesics
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Chemical%20Classification%20of%20Opioids.pdf

Second Generation Antihistamine Therapeutic Interchange
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/AntihistamineTI8-04.pdf

Sulfonylurea Dosage Conversion Table
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/formtools/sulfonylurea.htm

Drug Use in Geriatric Patients

Geriatric Pharmacotherapy Considerations
Clinical concerns in the geriatric patient. Age related changes in absorption, distribution, metabolism and renal function.
http://www.globalrph.com/geriatric.htm

Improving Pharmaceutical Care of the Elderly Patient with GERD
http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/issue/2007/2007-08/2007-08-6744

Medicines and older people: An Accident Waiting to Happen?
http://www.nps.org.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/15822/news34.pdf

OTC Medication Use in Seniors
To successfully help seniors make appropriate nonprescription drug choices, it is essential for pharmacists to correctly assess their symptoms.

http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/d/featured%20articles/c/13814/

Potentially Inappropriate Medications for the Elderly According to the Revised Beers Criteria
https://www.dcri.org/trial-participation/the-beers-list/

Guidance for Prescribing and Withdrawal of Benzodiazapines & Hypnotics in General Practice
http://www.benzo.org.uk/amisc/bzgrampian.pdf

Prescribing for Older Patients
http://patient.info/doctor/prescribing-for-the-older-patient

Strategies for benzodiazepine withdrawal in seniors
http://www.ccsa.ca/Resource%20Library/CCSA-Benzodiazepine-Withdrawal-Seniors-Rapid-Review-2014-en.pdf

Top 10 Particularly Dangerous Drug Interactions in Long Term Care
http://www.amda.com/tools/clinical/m3/topten.cfm

Drug Use in the Elderly
Information on the principles of good prescribing in the elderly, including advice on managing sleep or behavioural disturbances using both non-drug and drug therapy interventions.
http://www.nps.org.au/publications/health-professional/medicinewise-news/2006/prescribing-practice-review-26

Drug Use in Hepatic Insufficiency

Diseases of the liver: Acute liver disease
http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/learning/learning-article/diseases-of-the-liver-acute-liver-disease/10975474.article

Diseases of the liver: Chronic liver disease
The commonest causes of chronic or end-stage liver disease are alcohol and chronic viral hepatitis. In addition, there are a number of pathways to chronic liver disease, including auto-immune conditions (eg, auto-immune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis) and metabolic conditions (eg, genetic haemochromatosis and Wilson’s disease).
http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/learning/learning-article/diseases-of-the-liver-chronic-liver-disease/10975479.article

Drug Use in Liver Impairment
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/Bulletins/DrugsLiverDisease.pdf

Drugs requiring hepatic monitoring
APEA is committed to helping nurse
practitioners and students advance professionally through courses,
programs, books, and other offerings.
http://www.apea.com/ce-center/drugs-that-need-hepatic-monitoring

Hepatic Dysfunction & Drug Dosing: The ABCs of the Child-Pugh Score
http://professionals.ufhealth.org/files/2011/11/0605-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Drug Use in Pediatrics & Neonates

Pediatric Dosing Calculator
http://www.emiphysicians.com/calculator1.html

Analgesics and Sedatives Use in Pediatrics Drug Chart
Analgesics and Sedatives Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234394

Antiarrhythmic Drugs Comparison Chart
http://www.pharmacologyweekly.com/documents/AntiarrhythmicMedicationChart2012.pdf

Anticonvulsant Therapy in Pediatrics
http://web.archive.org/web/20040625204734/www.vh.org/pediatric/patient/neurology/anticonvulsantdrugtherapy/index.html

Anticonvulsants Dosage Recommendations in Neonatates
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD and Sarah B. Tierney, PharmD
http://www.uichildrens.org/iowa-neonatology-handbook/anticonvulsant-dosage-recommendation/

ANTIMICROBIAL DOSING RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PEDIATRIC
http://mercypharmacy.wikispaces.com/file/view/pediatric_dosing%20MICHIGAN%202.pdf/442896374/pediatric_dosing%20MICHIGAN%202.pdf

Antimicrobial Pocket Reference 2006
http://www.dobugsneeddrugs.org/health-care-professionals/bugs-drugs-antimicrobial-reference/

Antimicrobial Recommended Dosage Schedules for Neonates
https://www.uichildrens.org/uploadedFiles/UIChildrens/Health_Professionals/Iowa_Neonatology_Handbook/Pharmacology/Antimicrobial.pdf

Apnea in Newborns Drug Chart
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234402

Australian Immunization Handbook
http://www.health.gov.au/internet/immunise/publishing.nsf/Content/Handbook10-home

Breastfeeding Issues – Neonatal Handbook
The Neonatal ehandbook provides a structured approach to the clinical management of conditions regularly encountered by health professionals working in newborn special care nurseries. It details over 90 newborn conditions that may present during the early newborn period.
http://www.health.vic.gov.au/neonatalhandbook/

Bronchodilators for Reactive Airway Disease in Pediatrics
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234404

Digoxin Doses in Premature and Full-term Neonates and Infants
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234406

Diuretic Agents Recommended Doses and Toxicity in Neonates
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234407

Dosing Common Cold Products in Children: New Guidelines
Labeling for OTC cough and cold medications now states: Do not use in children under 4 years of age.
http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/t/pediatrics/c/27100/

Fluoroquinolone use in children: Resistance and safety implications
http://contemporarypediatrics.modernmedicine.com/contpeds/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=111803

Gentamicin Therapy Monitoring in Pediatrics by Single Serum Sample Determination
Edward F. Bell, MD and Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234420

Infants of Drug-Abusing Mothers
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234413

Infants of Drug-Abusing Mothers
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234413

Neonatal Handbook – NETS
The Neonatal ehandbook provides a structured approach to the clinical management of conditions regularly encountered by health professionals working in newborn special care nurseries. It details over 90 newborn conditions that may present during the early newborn period.
http://www.health.vic.gov.au/neonatalhandbook/

Neonatal Systemic Hypertension Pharmacologic Therapy
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234425

Neonatal Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
http://www.slhd.nsw.gov.au/rpa/neonatal/html/newprot/tpn.html

Neuromuscular Blockers in Neonates
Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234421

Palivizumab Therapeutic Use Criteria
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/Palivizumab.htm

Prescribing for Children
Site Name provided by NICE
http://www.evidence.nhs.uk/formulary/bnf/current/guidance-on-prescribing/prescribing-for-children

Protocol for Use of Prostaglandin E
Protocol for Use of Prostaglandin E1 Jeffrey L. Segar, MD
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234424

Drug Use in Pregnancy & Lactation

Antimicrobial use in pregancy & lactation
http://www.dobugsneeddrugs.org/

Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
Toxicology, environmental health, and chemical databases and other information resources from the Toxicology and Environmental Health Information Program, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/lactmed.htm

Drugs in breast milk – Quick reference guide
UK Medicines Information for NHS professionals
http://www.ukmi.nhs.uk/activities/specialistServices/default.asp?pageRef=2

Medications Considered Safe for Use During Pregnancy
http://www.obfocus.com/high-risk/meds1.htm

Biochemical tests during pregnancy
http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/28/4/98/101/

Breast Feeding – WHO Model Formulary
http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/list/WMF2008.pdf

Breastfeeding and Medications
Breastfeeding and Medications, resources for info about medications while breastfeeding.
http://www.breastfeedingonline.com/meds.shtml

Breastfeeding Issues – Neonatal Handbook
The Neonatal ehandbook provides a structured approach to the clinical management of conditions regularly encountered by health professionals working in newborn special care nurseries. It details over 90 newborn conditions that may present during the early newborn period.
http://www.health.vic.gov.au/neonatalhandbook/

Cough and Cold Medications in Pregnancy and Lactation
http://medsask.usask.ca/documents/newsletters/32.3%20Cough%20and%20Cold%20Medications%20in%20Pregnancy%20and%20Lactation.pdf

Drug distribution in human milk
http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/20/2/35/40/

Drug Safety In Breastfeeding
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/InfoResources/lactation.htm

Drug Safety in Lactation
http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/Profs/PUarticles/lactation.htm

Drug Safety In Pregnancy
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/InfoResources/pregnancy.htm

Drug Therapy During Pregnancy: An Update on FDA Labeling for Antipsychotics
The labeling for all antipsychotics will be updated to include an enhanced pregnancy section. 
http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/d/feature/c/31079/

Drugs in Pregnancy from Motherisk
http://www.motherisk.org/women/drugs.jsp

HON Pregnancy and Drug Use
HON Mother & Child Glossary, Pregnancy and Drugs. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organisation have estimated that more than 90% of pregnant women take prescription or nonprescription drugs, social drugs such as tobacco and alcohol, or illegal drugs such as marijuana and cocaine. Drugs, and any other agents that cause a birth defect are termed teratogens. Drugs are estimated to cause 2-3% of all birth defects.
https://www.hon.ch/Dossier/MotherChild/preg_drugs/

Nicotine Replacement Therapy During Pregnancy and Lactation
http://medsask.usask.ca/documents/newsletters/archive/23.4.NRTPregLact-newletter.pdf

Perinatology
http://www.perinatology.com/exposures/druglist.htm

Pregnancy – WHO Model Formulary
http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/list/WMF2008.pdf

Prescribing Medicines in Pregnancy – Database
http://www.tga.gov.au/prescribing-medicines-pregnancy-database

UK Drugs in Lactation Advisory Service Guidance
UK Medicines Information for NHS professionals
http://www.ukmi.nhs.uk/activities/specialistServices/default.asp?pageRef=2

IV Manual and IV Compatibility

** Compatibility of Commonly Used Intravenous Drugs – CHART
http://www.pharmacypracticenews.com/download/IV_drugs_ppn0911_WM.pdf

IV Drug Compatibility Chart of selected meds
http://forum.tomhsiung.com/attachments/pharmacy-practice/pharmacy-errors/56d1374152975-iv-compatibility-common-selected-meds-iv-drug-compatibility-chart-selected-meds-pdf

BCCA Cancer Drug Manual
http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/health-professionals/professional-resources/cancer-drug-manual/drug-index

Critical Care Drug Monographs
http://www.lhsc.on.ca/Health_Professionals/CCTC/monograph/

Dose guideline for iv titrable medications
https://web.archive.org/web/20130502221539/http://nursing.uchc.edu/Pharmacy/docs/Titration%20Chart%20Update.pdf

Dose Guidelines for IV Titratable Medications
https://web.archive.org/web/20120514110312/http://nursing.uchc.edu/Pharmacy/docs/Titration%20Chart%20Update-3-7-12.pdf

Drug data sheets for professional
http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/Profs/Datasheet/datasheet.htm

Filtration Guidelines for the Administration of Intravenous Medications
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/IVfiltration.pdf

ICU Meds Intravenous Drip Rate Calculator
ICU Dosing Calc – lepirudin, LMWH’s, enoxaparin, lovenox, fragmin, dalteparin
http://www.globalrph.com/icudrip.htm

Intravenous Drip Rate Calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/drip.htm

IV Dilution Standards – GlobalRPh
Providing IV dilution guidelines that are in effect in a large Medical center located in Southeastern Michigan.
http://www.globalrph.com/dilutionlist.htm

Neonatal Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/pdf/manuals/47_TPN.pdf

NICU IV Drug Compatibility Chart
http://www.uichildrens.org/uploadedFiles/UIChildrens/Health_Professionals/Iowa_Neonatology_Handbook/Pharmacology/NICU%20Intravenous%20Drug%20Compatibility%20Chart.pdf

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Summary Calculator
Calculator to analyze a patient’s enteral and parenteral nutrition intake, including calories, dextrose, protein, and lipids.
http://clincalc.com/Nutrition/Analysis.aspx

Sdrivers – Drug Compatibility Database
Resource for health care professionals in palliative care: bulletin board, events listing, recent journals, Palliative Medicine Handbook, jobs, book catalogue, downloads…
http://www.pallcare.info/mod.php?mod=sdrivers&menu=14

To mix or not to mix — compatibilities of parenteral drug solutions
http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/31/4/98/101/

Total Parenteral Nutrition Calculator from GlobalRPh
Provides an online assessment of intravenous total parenteral nutrition.
http://www.globalrph.com/tpn.htm

Over The Counter Drugs

Aromatherapy: Art or Science? Highlights of Aromatherapy in Medicine Today
http://inetce.com/articles/pdf/221-999-04-095-H01.pdf

Over-the-Counter (OTC) Interaction Cabinet
https://crediblemeds.org/

Overcoming Challenges in Outpatient Drug Therapy
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/Presentations/2010/Overcoming%20Challenges%20-%20CBMTG%20-%20K%20Lacaria%20(April%2010%202010).pdf

Treatment of common cold
The common cold is a viral illness that affects persons of all ages, prompting frequent use of over-the-counter and prescription medications and alternative remedies. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms (e.g., cough, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea).
http://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0215/p515.html

Route / Formulation Conversion

Intravenous to Oral Therapy Conversion
http://www.ashp.org/DocLibrary/MemberCenter/ClinicalSpecialistsandScientists/IVtoPO.pdf

INTRAVENOUS TO ORAL/ENTERAL (IV TO PO) MEDICATION SWITCH PROGRAM
https://web.archive.org/web/20100625230012/http://www.ashp.org/s_ashp/docs/files/R-IVtoPOConvPol-4.pdf

An Information System to Promote Intravenous-to-Oral Medication Conversion
Proc AMIA Symp. 1999:415-9.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10566392

Antimicrobial IV to PO Conversion Program
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/IV-PO%20Antibiot%20Conv.pdf

AUTOMATIC INTRAVENOUS TO ORAL CONVERSION
https://web.archive.org/web/20100625225911/http://www.ashp.org/s_ashp/docs/files/R-IVtoPOConvPol-3.pdf

Converting from IV to Oral Medications
http://professionals.ufhealth.org/files/2011/11/0302-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Criteria for conversion of intravenous to oral/enteral (IV to PO) anti-infectives
http://www.cumc.columbia.edu/dept/id/documents/Clinical%20References/IVtoPOConversionPilotProjectinMilsteinHospital.pdf

H2 Blocker/Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapeutic Interchange and IV to PO Conversion (Adults)
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/H2-PPI_IVtoPO.htm

Intravenous-to-Oral Switch Therapy
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/237521-overview

IV to PO conversion policy from Bayshore Community Hospital
https://web.archive.org/web/20100625225836/http://www.ashp.org/s_ashp/docs/files/R-IVtoPOConvPol-2.pdf

Pharmacist-Managed IV-PO Conversion Program
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/vhformulary/Policies/4.6%20IV-PO%20STEPDOWN%20PROGRAM.pdf

Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery: What a Pharmacist Needs to Know
http://inetce.com/articles/pdf/221-146-04-054-H01.pdf

Renal Insufficiency & Dialysis

Drug Dosing Adjustments in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
http://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0515/p1487.pdf

Renal Impairment – WHO Model Formulary
http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/list/WMF2008.pdf

“Cockcroft-Gault for drug dosing… not MDRD”
http://cdn.webservices.ufhealth.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/358/files/2011/11/0609-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Antibiotic Dosing in Renal Impairment
http://www.antibioticprescribing.ie/useful-info/renal-impairment-summary

DRUG USE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/renal.htm

Drug-Induced Acute Renal Dysfunction
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/Presentations/2010/Drug-Induced%20Acute%20Renal%20Dysfunction-K%20Shalansky%20(Mar10).pdf

EdRen HANDBOOK
https://edren.org/ren/handbook/unithdbk/

Initial Dosing Recommendations for Anti-Infective Agents during Continuous venovenous hemofiltration
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/Antimicrobial_Dosing_in_CRRT.pdf

Kidney Function Assessment by Creatinine-Based Estimation Equations
Kidney Function Assessment by Creatinine-Based Estimation Equations Online Medical Reference – from definition and diagnosis through risk factors and treatments. Co-authored by Martin E. Lascano and Emilio D. Poggio of the Cleveland Clinic. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is considered the best indicator of overall kidney function – Estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to assess kidney function facilitates the detection, evaluation, and management of kidney disease.
http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/nephrology/kidney-function/

The Drug Monitor – Renal Pharmacology
Diverse topics in Clinical Pharmacy / Pharmacology aimed at the clinical professional. The topics include aminoglycosides and vancomycin monitoring, diuretics, magnesium, troglitazone, metformin, immunosuppressants, sequential antibiotic therapy, pharmacokinetics tutorial, clinical tools, etc
http://www.thedrugmonitor.com/renalpharmacology.html

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring & Dosing

Pharmacokinetic Overview
Pharmacokinetics overview of the aminoglycosides and vancomycin for pharmacists, physicians, and students.
http://www.globalrph.com/kinetics.htm

A First Course in Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics
http://www.boomer.org/c/p1/

On-Line Pharmacokinetic Simulations
Pharmacokinetics Simulation Courtesy of Thomas H. Maren Foundation
http://vam.anest.ufl.edu/maren/index.html

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Resources
http://www.pharmpk.com/

Aminoglycoside and Vancomycin Serum Monitoring
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Aminoglycoside-Vanco-Level-Monitoring.htm

Digoxin Pharmacokinetic Monitoring
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Digoxin-Pharmacokinetic-Monitoring.htm

Phenytoin Pharmacokinetic Monitoring
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Phenytoin-Kinetic-Monitoring.htm

Therapeutic Drug Concentration Range
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Therapeutic-Ranges.htm

Clinical Lab Reference
Medical Laboratory Observer’s Clinical Laboratory Reference
http://www.clr-online.com/

Common Drug levels
Therapeutic drug levels – Serum level monitoring
http://www.globalrph.com/levels.htm

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Overview of therapeutic drug monitoring, measurement of specific drugs at timed intervals in order to maintain a relatively constant concentration of the medication in the bloodstream and avoid toxicity
https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/therapeutic-drug/tab/glance

Monitoring of Antiepileptic Medications Using Saliva
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/SalivaMonit.pdf

Ordering and Interpreting Drug Levels–What You Can Do to Improve
http://cdn.webservices.ufhealth.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/358/files/2011/11/0402-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Aminoglycoside Dosing
Aminoglycoside dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/amino.html

Aminoglycoside/Vancomycin Adjustment Dosing
Aminoglycoside Dosing by levels calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/long.htm

Aminoglycoside/Vancomycin Initial Dosing
Pharmacokinetic dosing – Aminoglycoside Dosing calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/aminoglycosides.htm

Aminoglycosides Empyric Dosing
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/GentTobra-Empiric-Dosing.htm

Clinical Pharmacokinetics Manual
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/Pharmacy/CPS/PKmanual.html

Digoxin Dosing
Digoxin dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/dig.html

Digoxin Initial Dosing
Digoxin Dosing Calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/digoxinsub.htm

Digoxin Pharmacokinetic Monitoring
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/vhformulary/Tools/Digoxin-Pharmacokinetic-Monitoring.htm

Digoxin Steady State Adjustment Dosing
Free online digoxin kinetics calculator based on two different dosing protocols.
http://www.globalrph.com/digoxinss.htm

Gentamicin Therapy Monitoring in Pediatrics by Single Serum Sample Determination
http://www.uichildrens.org/childrens-content.aspx?id=234420

Heparin Dosing
Heparin dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/heparin.html

Iron Dextran Dosing
Iron dextran dosing calculator. Total dose infusion. Iron deficiency anemia
http://www.globalrph.com/irondextran.htm

Magnesium Dosing
Magnesium Dosing calculator for hospitalized patients.
http://www.globalrph.com/magnesium.htm

Monitoring Medications with a Narrow Therapeutic Index
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/criteria/Clinical_PKS_Manual-July_2009.pdf

Monitoring Phenytoin Serum Concentrations
http://www.druginformation.co.nz/Bulletins/MonitoringPhenytoinConcsBulletin.pdf

Phenytoin Dosing
phenytoin dosing, phenytoin – dilantin calculator
http://www.globalrph.com/phenytoin.htm

Phospate Dosing
Phosphate Dosing calculator for hospitalized patients. Written by D.McAuley
http://www.globalrph.com/phosphate.htm

Phosphate Dosing
Phosphate Dosing calculator for hospitalized patients. Written by D.McAuley
http://globalrph.com/phosphate.htm

Renally Excreted Drug Dosing
Renal drug dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/renal.html

Theophyline Dosing
Aminoglycoside dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/theo.html

Therapeutic drug monitoring
http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/20/1/9/11/

Triazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: To Measure or Not to Measure
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/Presentations/2010/Triazole%20TDM%20-%20T%20Hussaini.pdf

Vancomycin Dosing
Vancomycin dosing
http://www.rxkinetics.com/vanco.html

Vancomycin Dosing and Monitoring in Adults
http://cdn.webservices.ufhealth.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/358/files/2011/11/0802-drugs-therapy-bulletin.pdf

Vancomycin Dosing and Pharmacokinetics
http://www.medcalc.com/pk.html

Vancomycin Empyric Dosing Guideline
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/Resources/Pocket/Vancomycin%20Dosing%20Card%20VCH-PHC%2016JUL15%20_FINAL_.pdf

Warfarin Dosing
Warfarin dosing and therapy. Coumadin. INR Targets. Vitamin K (Phytonadione) guidelines.
http://www.globalrph.com/warfarin.htm

Therapeutic Interchange & Potency Conversion

ACEI and ARB Conversion and Therapeutic Equivalency
http://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/569559_2

Augmentin Therapeutic Interchange
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/AugmentinIC.htm

Automatic Substitutions from John Dempsey Hospital
http://pharmacy.uchc.edu/references/docs/form_c_028_therapeutic_interchange.pdf

Benzodiazepines Potency
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Benzodiazepines-comparison.htm

Cardiac drugs non-formulary conversion
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/Pharmacy/formulary/formtools/Conversions_Cardiac.pdf

Corticosteroid (Topical) Potency
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/vhformulary/Tools/Topical%20Corticosteroid%20Potency.pdf

Corticosteroid Conversion Calculator
Corticosteroids conversion calculator (hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, prednisone, methylprednisolone, betamethasone
http://www.globalrph.com/corticocalc.htm

Corticosteroid Dose Converter
http://www.medcalc.com/steroid.html

Corticosteroids (Systemic) Potency
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Systemic-corticosteroid-comparison.htm

Glucocorticoid Systemic Equivalencies
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/formtools/Glucocorticoid.htm

H-2 Blocker/Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapeutic Interchange
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/Pharmacy/formulary/interchange/H2-PPI_IVtoPO.htm

Hemorrhoidal Preparations – Therapeutic Interchange
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/anusolIC.htm

Narcotic Equivalence Converter
http://www.medcalc.com/narcotics.html

Opioid Anagesic (Fentanyl Patch) Dosing Determination
Fentanyl patch dosing determination based on current narcotic analgesic therapy. Developed by D.McAuley
http://www.globalrph.com/fentconv.htm

Opioid Anagesic Dosage Converter
http://www.globalrph.com/narcoticonv.htm

Opioid Analgesic Dosage Conversion Chart
Health care providers online conversion chart for narcotics/opiates. Equianalgesic conversion chart.
http://www.globalrph.com/narcotic.htm

Chemical Classification Opioid Analgesics
http://www.vhpharmsci.com/VHFormulary/Tools/Chemical%20Classification%20of%20Opioids.pdf

Second Generation Antihistamine Therapeutic Interchange
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/interchange/AntihistamineTI8-04.pdf

Sulfonylurea Dosage Conversion Table
http://www.hosp.uky.edu/pharmacy/formulary/formtools/sulfonylurea.htm

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